Patellar tendonitis, also known as jumper's knee, is a condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the patellar tendon. The patellar tendon connects the patella (kneecap) to the shinbone (tibia) and plays a crucial role in the functioning of the knee joint. This condition commonly affects athletes involved in sports that require repetitive jumping or running movements, such as basketball, volleyball, and track and field.
The main symptom of patellar tendonitis is pain and tenderness just below the kneecap. The pain may start off as a mild discomfort during physical activity and gradually worsen over time. It can also be accompanied by swelling and stiffness around the knee joint. The pain tends to worsen with activities that involve bending the knee, such as squatting, jumping, or climbing stairs. In severe cases, the pain may become constant and interfere with daily activities.
Patellar tendonitis occurs due to repetitive stress and overuse of the patellar tendon. The repeated jumping and landing motions place excessive strain on the tendon, leading to micro-tears and subsequent inflammation. Factors that can contribute to the development of this condition include poor biomechanics, muscle imbalances, inadequate warm-up or cool-down routines, improper footwear, and sudden increases in training intensity or duration.
Treatment for patellar tendonitis typically involves a combination of conservative measures and rehabilitation exercises. Resting the affected knee and avoiding activities that aggravate the symptoms is essential for allowing the tendon to heal. Applying ice packs to the area can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain. Physical therapy plays a vital role in strengthening the muscles surrounding the knee joint and improving overall lower limb biomechanics. Stretching exercises are also beneficial in maintaining flexibility and reducing tension on the patellar tendon.
In more severe cases, when conservative measures fail to provide relief, additional interventions may be considered. These may include the use of orthotic devices or braces to support the knee joint, extracorporeal shockwave therapy, or corticosteroid injections. However, it is important to note that these interventions are typically reserved for cases that are unresponsive to conservative treatment and should be discussed with a healthcare professional.
